Effects
Effects Links
- Health effects of active smoking Complete book chapter on health effects of cigarettes.
- Smoking Statistics: Illness and Death Concise factsheet from ASH-UK boils it all down: what cigarettes do to the customer.
- Lung Cancer for Patients "In 1990 91,091 men and 50,194 women died of lung cancer. This is extremely sad as most of these deaths were preventable. The cause of most lung cancer is known and is avoidable". If you had a friend who was a pathologist and asked him for a bottom-line summary on the disease, its causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, this is what you'd get.
- Smoking and cardiovascular Disease Concise summary of effects of smoking on the heart, blood vessels, and brain.
- World Tobacco Victims Memorial A memorial devoted to victims of tobacco products.
- Smoking and Respiratory Disease ASH-UK Factsheet on smoking and lung cancer, COPD, pneumonia.
- Face the Faces The human toll of tobacco, from INFACT. Started in response to a tobacco executive's statement that the people who die each year from tobacco are just a "computer-generated number." This site shows some of the people who are dead or dying of diseases caused by tobacco. Pictures are accompanied by text written by friends and family.
- ACSH: Tobacco The American Council on Science and Health has been a leader in restoring scienctific fact and context to health issues, both in exposing overstated and understated risks. This page covers tobacco, including what the warning label doesn't tell you.
- Health Consequences of Smoking Overview; graphic analysis; illustrations; breakdown and concise summary by disease; bibliography.
- Smoking Damage From the Australian National Tobacco Campaign, a concise outline of the different ways that cigarettes damage the body.
- American Heart Association: Cigarette Smoking And Cardiovascular Diseases Cigarettes are the most important preventable cause of premature death in the United State. Most of those deaths are from heart disease, not cancer. The facts from the AHA.
- Zep's Why Quit Smoking site Personal stories of people who died from cigarette smoking.
- WhyQuit.Com Graphic motivational material shows effects of tobacco on the human body; text explains how smokers can and do die young.
- Easy Rider Ain't So Easy: A Living With COPD Story I am a 50 year old man, diagnosed with COPD -- severe emphysema, chronic bronchitis and a moderate asthmatic component. I started smoking when I was about 14 years old..."
- Smoking and Disease, Ash-UK basic facts #2 Factsheet uses UK numbers to demonstrate health effects of smoking.
- Ex-Smokers May Have Irreversible Damage To Arteries New research from one of the most comprehensive studies indicates that while most risks subside after quitting, some damage is not reversible.
- AHC News Alert Collection of health stories, including extensive coverage of tobacco.
- Meds.com: Lung Cancer Library Both physician and patient versions of information sheets on smoking, secondhand smoke, lung cancer, metastases, clinical trials, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and short topics. The facts.
- Health Effects Quick, sometimes graphic, documentation on impotence, blindness, breast cancer, the irreversible effects of smoking, lung cancer, and injuries.
- Smokers Three Times More Likely To Get Pneumonia Men and women who smoked more than 20 cigarette per day are almost three times more likely to get pneumonia according to recent research.
- Diseases related to smoking Part of a collecction of quit smoking resources.
- Tobacco and Birth Defects Factsheet; all sources cited.
- The Irreversible Health Effects of Cigarettes Pamphlet from ACSH. Quitting greatly reduces risks, but some effects of smoking are permanent.
- Smoking and Cancer On smoking, head and neck cancer; what it's like living as a laryngectomee because of cigarettes.
- Smoking Caused Disability Smoking not only shortens life, it increases number of years of disability. This research analysis estimates how much increased disability is caused by smoking.
- Cigarette Anyone? Ordinary people tell firsthand what it's like to live with the diseases caused by cigarettes.
- Smoking and Your Health Treatment, prevention, diagnosis, email groups, support groups, personal stories and more.
- Cigarettes cause cancer Article in Chemistry and Industry magazine. For years, the industry argued that the connection between smoking and cancer was "merely epidemiological". This article summarizes the p53 gene damage that establishes a mechanism.
- Lung Cancer and Cigarette Smoking Web Page "Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer deaths in both men and women in the United States. More than 160,100 Americans will die from lung cancer in 1998. Only 12-15% of patients with lung cancer are cured. More than 90% of lung cancers are preventable...My background is that of an ex-smoker and current thoracic surgeon, who has spent most of his adult life treating disease caused by tobacco. Finally after twenty years or so of this, I came finally to the realization that I was working on an assembly line that would continue to roll on forever. The only real way to treat these diseases is to shut off the assembly line where it begins, in North Carolina."
- Smoking can Lead to Blindness Recent research adds to the evidence for the link between smoking and age-related macular degeneration. AMD is the leading cause of blindness among people over 65.
- Preventing Heart Disease - Smoking Short section on smoking and the hart.
- Prenatal Smoking Increases Baby's Risk Of Cleft Palate Cleft lip and palate are fairly serious birth defects. Besides affecting a child's appearance, cleft lip and palate hinder the ability to breathe, eat, hear and speak.
- Don't Smoke! Dedicated to providing people information about tobacco. Requires Shockwave.
- Lung Cancer and Cigarette Smoking Thoracic surgeon Fred Grannis MD provides smokers, lung cancer patients and their families with information on cigarettes, smoking, cessation, and lung cancer risk, diagnosis, and treatment. Webpage design by one of his patients.
- Smoking Short description by a doctor of the effects of smoking on health and quality of life.
- Cigarettes cause Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Cigarettes are the leading cause of an infection that can cause severe pneumonia or meningitis: pneumococcal infections.
- Smoking-Attributable Mortality, Years of Potential Life Lost -- US Cigarette Smoking-Attributable Mortality and Years of Potential Life Lost -- United States, 1990. CDC analysis.
- BBC News: Grim toll of smoking More than 122,000 British smokers will die prematurely in the year 2000 from a smoking-related disease; article explains.
- Smokers Get Ill Sooner, Study Says Statistics Canada analysis shows that cigarettes and tobacco products not only kill the customer, they also cause debilitating illnesses along the way, such as bronchitis, asthma and high blood pressure.
- Spinal cord injury: Smoking and SCI For SCI survivors who smoke there's even more bad news and more ill health effects than general population.
- Tobacco, Colorectal Cancer, and Adenomas the evidence. Another cancer now known to be caused by smoking.
- Smoking and Diabetes It's a bad combination, basically. The facts from the American Diabetes Association.
- Health Effects On the Unborn Baby Concise summary of effects of firsthand and secondhand use on the unborn.
- Katlyn's Page "I am 11 years old and my mother has emphysema from smoking. Please listen to me - what it's like to have a sick Mom". A story about tobacco victims who don't smoke.
- Smoking Deaths Not Overstated, Re-Analysis Shows Refuting claims by the tobacco industry that death estimates from smoking are inflated, the American Medical Association re-analyzes the data.
- Smoking and the Heart U.S.News & World Report
- How to prevent heart disease Concise factsheet explaining how to prevent heart disease, available for downloading in Adobe acrobat format.
- Worldwide trends in tobacco consumption and mortality Short summary of the health effects of tobacco from the World Health Organization.
- Health Effects of Smoking Bibliography of research.
- Smoking Does Not Protect Against Dementia or Alzheimer's Disease Contrary to suggestions from previous research, this study of over 34,000 subjects found no effect of smoking on senility or Alzheimer's. The previous suggestions that it did came from flawed studies, say the authors.
- What the Tobacco Companies Forgot to Tell You Illustrated report from ASH Australia. Not for the faint hearted.
- Smoking and Lung Cancer From a slide presentation in a medical school course on respiratory health.
- Tobacco Use: United States, 1900-1999 From the Cancer Network, a survey of smoking trends and their effects during the 20th century.
- American Cancer Society-Cancer Facts and Figures 1998: Tobacco Use Facts from the ACS; e.g. most tobacco deaths are not cancer deaths; more women have died from lung cancer than breast cancer since 1987; tobacco causes one of every five deaths in America; tobacco costs the U.S. more than $100 billion a year.
- Infofax - Cigarettes and Other Nicotine Products NIH short summary of nicotine effects.
- Smoking and Injuries: An Overview Research concludes that smoking may be an independent risk factor for thermal, motor vehicle, occupational, and other injuries.
- Worldwide Trends in Tobacco Consumption and Mortality WHO report outlines effects of tobacco globally, identifies trends.
- Asbestos and Cigarettes Asbestos and cigarettes both cause lung cancer, but some types of lung cancer are specific to one cause. A short summary of the facts. Site is run by attorneys who represent people who have cancer from asbestos exposure.
- Tobacco and Health Short medical factsheet on health effects of smoking.
- Mortality Attributable to Tobacco Use in Canada, 1994 and 1996 Using data from the National Population Health Survey and the Canadian Mortality Database, estimates national and regional smoking-attributable deaths for 1994 and 1996.
- Quality of Life and Smoking Most smoking studies address specific health, morbidity, and mortality outcomes. Few studies have examined the effect of smoking and smoking cessation on quality of life. This collects a few such studies.
- How Smoking Affects The Way You Look ASH-UK factsheet covers how smoking affects the skin, body shape, and weight.
- Smoking of tobacco Discussion, graphics, and analysis of tobacco use, disease, and death.
- Smoking's Deadly Effects Statistics don't tell the whole story of tobacco disease and death. That's why PBS is running a program on Pam Laffin, a woman who tells her own story of emphysema caused by tobacco products. The story of how she got started smoking, how she discovered she had the disease, and how she lives her live now with one lung, is more compelling sometimes than any amount of statistics.
- OncoLink: Smoking and Cancer Extensive set of links compiled by OncoLink. Plus original content. Covers tobacco sales, effects, secondhand smoke, news, quitting tips.
- Hooked on Nicotine Short article for mylifepath on nicotine, addiction, and health effects of tobacco.
- NCI: What You Need To Know About Lung Cancer Pamphlet format. Covers the disease, who's at risk, recognizing symptoms, diagnosing lung cancer, the stages of the disease, treatment, side effects.
- Snap's page on cigarettes Information on smoking's effects from cancer to wrinkles; quitting methods; statistics.
- Study Finds More Lung Damage If Smokers Start Young Resent research finds that permanent genetic changes that forever increase the risk of lung cancer take place in teens who smoke, even if they quit later in life. And the younger the smoking starts, the more damage is done.
- Smokers can and do die young! Shows effects of smoking through photographs and stories of smokers, including those who died or are dying in their 30's. Images of diseased lungs; links to lung cancer and quit smoking support groups.
- The Hurt Never Goes Away Over 400,000 Americans die each year due to tobacco use. COST has provided a way for the survivors to express themselves, share their pain.
- Smoking and injuries Research shows that cigarette smoking is a risk factor for exercise-related injuries.
- Study: Smoking Doubles Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer's disease Largest and most recent study indicates that smokers are twice as likely to develop Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia.
- World Health Organization: A Global Status Report Broken down by country. Thorough, yet succinct. 1997 data.
- Cardiology: Smoking Factsheets from Fort Sanders Regional Medical Center.
- Risks of Dying From Smoking Slide presentation outlines individual risks, social trends.
- Active and Passive Tobacco Exposure: A Serious Pediatric Health Problem Report from the American Heart Association. Effects of firsthand and secondhand smoke on young people: hearts, lungs, low birth weight, infant mortality, respiratory infections.
- Most Cancer Is Made, Not Born Recent research shows that most cancer is caused by environmental exposure to carcinogens, not from preprogrammed genes; smoking is the single-most important avoidable cause of cancer and is directly responsible for 30 percent of all cases.
- Smoking and Impotence Brief article on causes of impotence.
- Paternal Smoking and Cancer among Children of Nonsmoking Mothers Scientific paper finds paternal smoking before conception increases risk of the children getting cancer, particularly acute leukemia and lymphoma.
- Smoking Increases Skin Cancer Risk Tobacco products triple the risk of developing a common form of skin cancer, according to a new study.
- Tobacco and Cardiovascular Health Commentary on the heart health effects of tobacco use.
- South Carolina Department of Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Services: Tobacco Use "Tobacco use is the nation's deadliest addiction. Smoking cigarettes is the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S. Over 400,000 Americans die every year from tobacco use. More people die from tobacco than from AIDS, car accidents, alcohol, suicides, homicides, fires, and illegal drugs combined." Summary of the effects of tobacco use.
- Smoking and Cancer ASH-UK factsheet covers the difference cancers caused by smoking and tobacco.
- Does Tobacco Use Cause Other (non-malignant) Disease? Tobacco use actually claims more lives via tobacco-caused diseases other than cancer.
- Smoking: The Health Effects Smokers in their 30s and 40s are five times more likely to have a heart attack than non-smokers. Half of all smoking deaths are in middle age. Article from the BBC news summarizes.
- Smoking and Respiratory Disease Info from the Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria, Australia. Factsheet; diagrams; basic info.
- Smoking To Reduce Stress Has Opposite Effect People who smoke to reduce stress may only be adding to their stress, according to a new review of the research.
- Smoking, the Heart, and Circulation ASH-UK Factsheet on smoking and chronic heart disease, arterial disease, aneurysms, vascular disease, and stroke.
- Smoking and Quality of Life Research summarizes health-related quality of life of never smokers, ex-smokers, and light, moderate, and heavy smokers.
- WHO: The Tobacco Epidemic The World Health Organization (WHO) summarizes the situation worldwide: "each year, tobacco causes about 3.5 million deaths throughout the world; this will increase to 10 million annual deaths during the 2020s, with seven million of these deaths occurring in developing countries. Half of these unnecessary deaths are occurring in middle age (35-69), robbing those killed of around 22 years of life."
- Smoking and Health Database CDC collection of documents including reports, health effects.
- Effect of Tobacco Consumption on Hepatic Histological Lesions Research examines effect of smoking on patients with hepatitis.
- Smoking Increases Anxiety Smoking is supposed to calm the nerves, but researchers have found evidence that it might have the opposite effect. BBS News article on recent research.
- WebMD/Lycos Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease: Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis Causes, diagnosis, and treatment.
- Specimen 156.9: Lung: Emphysema From a library of medical images, a lung with emphysema ("smoker's lung").
- Just the Facts Very short factsheet on health effects of cigarettes and other tobacco products (cigars and spit tobacco).
- Scots Tobacco Death Toll Studied Scotland's title as Europe's lung cancer capital has come under the spotlight at a major anti-smoking conference.
- HOT Program Hazards of Tobacco (HOT) video; requires RealPayer. Features speakers who've undergone surgical removal of their larynxes, who demonstrate one of tobacco's effects.
- Quitting Really Does Lower Lung Cancer risk - November 30, 2000 CDC measures reduced lung cancer as a result of California's reduced smoking.
- Nicotine Addiction Concise factsheet.
- Facts About Nicotine and Tobacco Products From NIH, brief presentation of effects of nicotine and tobacco products.
- The Power of Addiction Commentary on tobacco and addiction provides a brief summary of the nicotine's effect on behavior and physiology.
- Tobacco BBS Health Information Page Annotated collection of links on health effects of firsthand and secondhand smoking, spit tobacco, quitting.
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